Electrostatic condenser



Feb. 12, 1935. H. DANZIGER 990,819

ELECTROSTATIC CONDENSER Filed Oct. 28, 1933 INVENTOR UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE 1,990,819 moraosrano com asses amid I. Danailer, Westwood,N. J. application mm :9, 1999, Serial No. 995,553

80mins.

My present invention relates generally to electrical apparatus, and hasparticular reference to electrostatic condensers of the wound body p Itis a general object of my invention to provide an improved andsimplified manner of associating a wound condenser body with a containerand with certain connector members to provide a simplified and compactcommercial condenser assembly.

While I have herein illustrated and shall hereinafter describe myinvention as it may be applied to the mounting of a wound condenser bodyof the paper dielectric type, nevertheless it will be understood that myinvention is not restricted to this particular type of condenser body.

- Briefly, my invention resides in a novel and unique association of awound body having opposite terminal ends with a tubular container whichsnugly accommodates the body and which is provided with an improved typeof closure discs at the opposite ends of the container, each disc beingassociated in a novel way with connector members of specialcharacteristics.

As will be more fully appreciated after this specification has beenread, the general objects of my invention include the provision of adevice of great simplicity. capable of economical manui' acture, ofexceptional compactness and good appearance, and with enhancedfacilities for using the device in a variety of types of electriccircuits and hook-ups.

I achieve the foregoing objects, and such other objects as mayhereinafter appear or be pointed gut, in the manner illustrativelyexemplified in the accompanying drawing wherein v Figure 1 is afragmentary plan view of the elements of a wound condenser body of thepaper dielectric type;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a wound condenser body of this ime;

Figure 3 is an exploded view, in cross-section, of the present type ofclosure disc and eyelet;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view through a closure disc with theeyelet secured therein;

Figure 5 is anexploded pe p tive view of a closure disc about to beassociated with a connector member of the present type;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the ultimate association of theparts of Figure 5;

Figure 'lis a cross-sectional longitudinal view of a tubular containerof the present character;

Figure 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view through a completedcondenser device; and

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a completed device.

The wound condenser body of Figure 2, designated generally by thereference numeral 10, is formed by interwinding a plurality of strips in5 the manner shown in Figure 1. These strips may, for example, consistof two strips 11 and 12 of metallic foil and intermediate strips 13 ofpaper or similar insulating material. The strip 11 is laterallypositioned with respect to the paper strips 13, so that the outermarginal edge projects beyond the paper strips; and the strip 12 islaterally positioned in the opposite direction, so that the outermarginal edge proiects beyond the opposite edges .of the paper 15 strips13.

The winding procedure is preferably accomplished on a winding machine,whereby a body of the character illustrated in Figure 2 ultimatelyresults. In this body, which is substantiallv cylindrical, and whichwill usually embody a longitudinal opening 14 formed by the mandrel uponwhich the body is wound, the superposed edges of the foil strip 11 willproject from one end and the superposed edges of the other foil strip 12will project from the opposite end. At the completion of the winding, afew extra turns of the paper layers 13 are wound around the body,whereby the major portion of the exposed surface of the body is paper. Asticker or the like 15 is usually applied to hold the strips in rolledcondition. The bundle of foil layers 11 projecting from one end of thebody constitutes what may be designated one terminal en of the body; andthe bundle of exposed layers 12 projecting from the opposite end may betermed a complementary or opposite "terminal end" of the body; it beingunderstood that these terminal ends are insulated from each other by thepaper layers 13 and that the assembly constitutes an electricalcondenser whose plates are the foil strips 11 and 12 and whosedielectric is constituted at least in part by the paper layers 13.

The body of Figure 2 is usually and preferably subjected to suitableheat and vacuum treatment to expel all extraneous air and moisture, andis then impregnated with a suitable dielectric material, such as wax orparamn.

In ca rying out my present invention, thebodyofFigure2isadaptedtobesnuglyinserted into a tubular container 16(Figure 7) which is preferably cylindrical and composed of metal. Priorto the association of the parts, the container 16 hasthe edge 17 at oneend spun inf wardly, and is provided with a tubular or cylindrical liner18 of paper or the like.

The sealing of the opposite ends of the present container isaccomplished by means of closure discs of special character, with whichconnector members are associated in the manner most clearly illustratedin Figures 3-6. The

closure disc 19 illustrated in Figure 3 is substantially circular inshape and is provided with the central opening 20. In a preferredconstruction, i. e., where the container 16 is of metal, this disc iscomposed of suitable insulating material such as fiber or the like. Intothe opening 20 I pass the stem 21 of an eylet which is initially ofsubstantially the shape illustrated in Figure 3, one end of the eyelethaving a flaring portion 22. The eyelet may be composed of any suitableor desired metal. After the stem 21 has been passed through the opening20, its end 23 is spun into the condition of Figure 4, and the conicalor tapered wall 22 is spun into the form of a cup-shaped portion 24. Inaccordance with my invention, the free edge 25 of this cup-shapedportion is ruflled or otherwise rendered irregular to destroy itssmoothness.

The eyelet having thus been permanently secured into association withthe closure disc 19, it is ready to be associated with the connectormember of the present invention, which is shown most clearly in Figure5. This member comprises a substantial length of ductile andnon-resilient wire 26 having an enlarged head 27. This connector membermay be, for example, about two to four inches in length, and theenlarged head 27 is of the general character of the head that wouldappear on a large pin.

The connector member is inserted through the eyelet in the mannerillustrated in Figures 5 and 6, so that the enlarged head 27accommodates itself within the cup-shaped portion 24. A mass of solder28, or any other suitable binding medium, is then applied to theassembly to anchor the head 27 firmly within the cupshaped portion 24and to provide a unitary assembly in which the connector member 26 is inpermanent electrical connection with the eyelet, and, more especially,with the cup-shaped portion 24.

It will be understood that in the production of the present device, twoassemblies of the character illustrated in Figure 6 are provided, oneclosure disc being adapted to be secured in one end of the container 16,and the other closure disc being adapted to be secured to the oppositeend, thereby afiording a seal for the container.

In constructing the present device, the assem-, bly of Figure 6 isinserted into the right hand end of the container 16 of Figure '7, andpushed toward the left end until the closure disc 19 abuts against thespun edge 17 of the container. The body 10 of Figure 2 having beensuitably heat-treated, subjected to vacuum, and impregnated, is theninserted into the right hand end of the container 16, until one of itsterminal ends abuts firmly against the cup-shaped portion 24. The bodyis forced well into the container, so that the milled edge 25' of thecupshaped portion bites well into the contiguous terminal end of thewound condenser body. It is the ruiiling of this edge which provides fora firm and permanent electrical connection between the connector member26 and the corresponding end of the wound body in a manner wherebyrelative rotation of the connector memher with respect to the bodyvented.

Preferably, though not necessarily, the partial assembly is then dippedinto molten wax or the like, whereby the waxis permitted to flow intothe container and to permeate well through the condenser body, therebyfilling inall possible voids. Thereupon, the counterpart of the assemblyof Figure 6 is inserted into the open end of the container, asillustrated in Figure 8, and the assembly is completed by spinning theopposite end 29 of the container around the closure disc 30. Prior toand during this spinning operation, the disc 30 is pressed firmlyagainst the right hand end of the enclosed condenser body, whereby thecupshaped portion 31 (constructed in the same manner as hereinbeforedescribed in connection with Figures 3-6), is caused to bite firmly andsecurely into permanent and immovable contacting engagement with thecontiguous terminal end of the wound body. In Figure 8, I haveillustratively shown the connector 26 and the cup-shaped portion 24 inintimate electrical and physical contact with the terminal end 11 of thebody of Figure 2; and I have shown the corresponding opposite cup-shapedportion 31 engaging in firm electrical and physical contact with theopposite terminal end 12 of the condenser body. The closure disc 30carries a connector member 32 identical in character with the connectormember 26 hereinbefore described.

The resultant product, ready for marketing and for assembly with anydesired electrical apparatus with which it is to be used, is illustratedmost clearly in Figure 9. It is characterized by exceptional compactnessand lightness of weight, coupled with good appearance, and with anunusual adaptability for connection purposes. The connectors 26 and 32being of substantial length, and being of ductile metal, are readilybent, out, crimped, soldered, or otherwise secured, for both attachmentpurposes and for electr cal contact purposes, with those portions of theelectrical apparatus or hook-up with which the condenser is to beemployed.

Each of the connector members has its inner end in firm electricalconnection with one of the terminal ends of the enclosed condenser body,and these opposite terminals of the condenser are emciently and reliableinsulated from each other by virtue of the insulating character of theclosure discs of the container. I

Under certain circumstances, it may be desirable to hold the closurediscs in place by means other than the spinning of the container ends,as illustratively shown at 17 and 29, and it will be understood that myinvention is not necessarily restricted to any such specific details.Furthermore, it may sometimes be desirable to form the tubular containerof insulating material, in which case the liner 18 is not required, andthe closure discs may under such circumstances be composed of metal.With such a construction, however, the ease with which the closure discsare securely mounted in the opposite ends of the container may not be asgreat as in the preferred construction herein illustrated.

It will also be understood that the wound condenser body need notnecessarily be of the paper dielectric type, but may, for example, beconstituted of the wound body of a so-called dry electrolytic condenser.In such an event, the foil strips 11 and 12 of Figure 1 are reiseiliciently pre- 1,00o,s10 I placed by electrolytically-coated strips offilmable material, such as aluminum; and the paper layers 13- arereplaced by absorbent spacers, such as cheesecloth or the like; theimpregnation of the body, and especially of the spacers, beingaccomplished by means 0! a pastyelectrolyteoiwellknowncharacterratherthanbya dielectric material such aswax.

. The characterizing features oi a condenser body of the present typeare that it be formed by the winding of individual strips or layers, andthat its construction provides for the disposition, at opposite ends, ofopposite and complementary terminal ends or the condenser. It is forthis general type of wound condenser body that the present invention isprimarily whereby an eiiicient, compact, and economically manufacturedcommercial article results.

One of the outstanding advantages or the present construction and modeof assembly 01' partsliesintheabilitytopertormmanyot the steps ofassembly by means of automatic machinery or by machines which, thoughnot entirely automatic, permit the several steps of assembly to becarried out in rapid succession, in large quantities. and at littleexpense. For example, the closure discs may be fed from one hopper, theeyelets from another, the connector members from another, and so on: anda rotatingtableorthelikeprovidesi'ortheemcient carrying out, in su oithe steps oi eyeletting the closure disc, threading the connector memberthrough the eyelet, soldering the member into position, inserting theassembly into the container, etc. My invention is, however, notrestricted to any'particular mode of manuiacturing proces, nor to anyspecific type of machinery, but its adaptability to commercial practiceis herein mentioned to more fully explain the commercial advantages andnovel features oi! the invention.

In general, it will be obvious that changes in the details. hereindescribed and illustrated iorthepurposeotexplainingthenatureoimy-invention,maybemadebythoseskilledintheartwithoutdepartingiromthespiritandscope of the invention as expressedin the appen claims. It is. therefore. intended that these details beinterpreted as illustrative, and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, andillustrateditsusawhatlclaimasnewandduire to secure by Letters Patent is1.Inanelectrostatic,atubularcontainer, a wound cimdenser body snuglyaccanmodated in said container and lmving pp s te terminal ends lyingclosely adjacent to the oppositeendsotsaidcontainer,aclosurediscsecuredin each end oi the container to seal thelatter,ametalliceyeletcarriedbyachdiscand'havinganenlargedinnu'pcrtionbearingagainstthecontiguousendottheenclosed body,andaconnectormembercarriedbyeachdiscandextendingoutwardlythrougheacheyeletandcmnprisingaductilemetalwireorlsubstantiallengthwithiminnerendinelectricalcontactwiththeconflguousendoithemclused condemerbody.

2. Inanelectrostatic condmsmatubularcontamer, awoundcondaiserbodysnuglyaccommodatedinsaidcmtainerandhavingoppositeterminalendslyingcloselyadiacmttotheoppositeendsotsaidcontainenaclosurediscsecuredineachendoithecontainertosealthelatter,ametalliceyeletcarriedbyeachdiscand against the contiguous end ofthe enclosed condenser body, and a connector member carried by andextending outwardly through each eyelet, said member comprising aductile metal wire of substantial length having its inner end iirmlyanchored in said cup-shaped eyelet portion.

4. In an electrostatic condenser, a tubular container, a wound condenserbody snugly accommodated in said container and having opposite terminalends lying closely adjacent to the opposite ends of said container, aclosure disc securedineachendofthecontainertosealthe later, a metalliceyelet carried by each disc and having a cup-shaped inner portionbearing against the contiguous end oi! the enclosed condenser body, anda connector member carried by and extending outwardly through eacheyelet, said member comprising a ductile metal wire of substantiallength having an enlarged inner end iirmly anchored by solder within thecup-shaped eyelet portion.

5. In an electrostatic condenser, a tubular container, a wound condenserbody snugly accommodated in said container and having opposite terminalends lying closely jacent to the opposite ends 01' said container. aclosure disc securedineachendotthecontainertosealthe latter, a metalliceyelet carried by each disc and having a cup-shaped inner portion with arui'iied edge bearing against the contiguous end of the enclosedcondenser body, and a connector member carried by and extendingoutwardly through each eyelet.

6. In an electrostatic condenser, a tubular container, a wound condenserbody snugly accommodated in said container and having oppositeterminalendslyingclosely adjacenttotheoppositeendsoi'saidcontainen'aclosurediscsecuredineachendotthecontainertosealthelatter, a metallic eyelet carried by each disc andhavingacup-shapedinnerportionwitharuiiiedetkebearimagainstthecontiguousendoitheenclosedcondenserbody,andaconnectormember carried by and extendingoutwardly through eacheyelet,saidmembercomprisingawirewhoseinnerendisfirmlyanchoredinsaidcupahapedeyelet'portion.

I. In an electrostatic condenser, a tubular container. a wound condenserbody snugly accommodatedinsaid container and havingoppositcterminalendslyingcloselyadjacenttothe oppositeendsoi'saidcontainer,aclosuredisc securedineachendotthecontainertosealthelatter,ametalliceyeletcarriedbyeachdiscand having a cup-shaped innerportion with a ruiliededgebearingagainstthecontiguousendottheenclosedcondemerbody,andaconnector member carried by and extendingoutwardly through each eyelet. said member comprising aductilewireotsubstantiallengthhavimanen- 10 latter, a metallic eyeletcarried by each disc and having an enlarged inner portion bearingagainst the contiguous end of the enclosed-condenser body, and aconnector member carried by and projecting outwardly from the center oreach disc through said eyelet, said member comprising a metal wire ofsubstantial length having its inner end in electrical contact with thecontiguous end oi. the enclosed condenser body.

HAROLD I. DANZIGER.

